Vaporizer for automotive mechanisms



Feb. 12, 1935.

J. GRECO El' AL VAPORIZER FOR AUTOMOTIVE MECHANISMS FiledMay 8, 1 934 V. Vcrca Patented Feb. 12, 1935 PATENT OFFICE VAPORIZER FOR AUTOMOTIVE MECHANISMS John Greco and Vincenzo Vacirca,

' New York, N. Y.

Application May s, 1934, serial No. 724,568

7 claims. (ci. 12s- 122) This invention relates to means for vaporizing and gasifying the liquid fuel used in automobiles, airplanes or other automotive mechanisms and the general object of the invention is to procure a complete consumption of the liquid fuel through the action of our improved vaporizer, the liquid fuel being converted into gaseous vapors, permitting the fuel to be thoroughly mixed with air and securinga substantial saving in fuel.

A further object is to provide a vaporizer of this character which will eliminate carbon and hence increase the power of the motor with but little change in the shape and size of the usual intake and exhaust manifolds and without affecting the internal mechanism of the motor.

A further object is to provide a device. of this character which can be attached to any existing motor without the necessity of altering the motor or which may be built as part of the motor.

20 A further object is the provision of an atomizing mechanism so correlated with the intake and exhaust manifolds, that the exhaust manifold, the intake manifold and the vaporizing chamberv itself may be made in one pieceor which will permit the intake manifold to be either separate from or made as part of the combined exhaust manifold and the atomizing chamber or which will permit the parts to be made entirely separate and then assembled.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

Our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:-

Figure 1 isa front elevation of the exhaust and intake manifolds of an internal combustion engine with my vaporizer applied thereto, the vaporizer being shown in section;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the exterior or heating chamber` of the vaporizer and a portion of the exhaust manifold.

Referring particularly to the drawing, desigin the usual manner except that it is preferably cast in one piece with a heating chamber 11, the details of which will be later described. The exhaust manifold 10 is provided with the usual extensions 12 leading to the several cylinders, these extensions being provided with the usual fianges 13 whereby'the exhaust rmanifold may be bolted in place.

. The middle of the exhaust manifold is formed to provide a heating chamber 11 as previously described, this heating chamber depending below nates the exhaust manifold which is constructedY -extension 21 of the intake manifold and for enthe exhaust manifold. The chamber is preferably rectangular in elevation and the front of the chamber is closed by a plate 14 held in place by screws or any other suitable means. The ends of the chamber are provided with the openings 5 15 and the top of the chamber is provided with an opening 16 normally closed by a detachable plate 17. The bottom of the chamber is formed with a flanged outlet 18 adapted to be connected to the pipe leading to the muiiier or to any other exhaust pipe.

Disposed parallel to the exhaust manifold 10 and above the body of this exhaust manifold is the intake manifold 19 constructed in the usual manner and having extensions leading to the intake openings of the several cylinders in the usual manner. This intake manifold at its middle is formed at 20 to rest upon `and be supported on the upper wall of the heating chamber 11, the upper portion of this intake manifold 19 at its middle having an upward extension 21, this extension having the upwardly extending stud bolts 22.

Disposed within the heating chamber 11 is the atomizer proper shown as comprising a cylindrical body 23 open at its opposite ends and having a 25 transverse diaphragm, web or partition 24 at its middle as shown in Figure 1. Above this body 23 is a vaporizing chamber 25 cylindrical in form and closed at its ends. A plurality of tubular nipples 26-connect the body 23 on one side of the 30 partition 24 with the vaporizing chamber 25 and a plurality of tubular nipples 27 connect the other end of the vaporizing chamber 25 with the body 23 on the other side of-the partition 24. The inlet side or compartment a of the body 23 is connected to a pipe 28 leading from the carbureter. The outlet side or compartment b of the body 23 is connected to a pipe 29 which in turn leads to the extension 21 of the intake manifold. a

Disposed within the lateral openings 15 of the vaporizing chamber are the sleeves or collars which are countersunk at their inner ends for the reception of the ends of the body 23. The inlet pipe 28 and the outlet pipe 29 are anged and connected to the oppositerwalls of the heating chamber 11 in any suitable and obvious manner. The upper end of the outlet lpipe 29 is also anged for connection with the outward gagement by the usual stud bolts 22. Gaskets may be used, of course, between the joints of the pipes where found necessary.

In the operation of this structure, the fuel from the carbureter passes through the pipe 28 into the inlet compartment a of the atomizer or vaporizer body 23, then passes upward through the nipples 26 into the vaporizing chamber 25, then downward through the nipples 27 into the outlet compartment b of the vaporizing body 23, then out through the pipe 29 to the intake manifold. During its passage through the small nipples 26 and 27 and during its passage through the relatively thin walled chamber 25, the fuel is subjected to a high degree of heat and thus thoroughly gasied and vaporized so that it is placed in the best possible condition for use and then the fuel passes out through the pipe 29 directly to the intake manifold.

It will be seen that the exhaust gas coming from the cylinders passes along the exhaust manifold and then is discharged into the upper end of the heating chamber 11, passing down around the vaporizer and out through the opening 18. The heated exhaust gases, therefore, envelope the internal walls of the atomizer and keep the atomizer highly heated. The atomizer utilizes the heat of all the exhaust gases to superheat the mixture of gas and air coming from the carbureter.

As a result of suction, the fuel mixture passes from compartment a of the atomizer by way of the tubular channels or nipples into the vaporizing chamber 25 and there the mixture receives the full heat of the spent gases discharged intoA the heating chamber 1l. At this point, the walls of the atomizer are raised to a white heat and the'fuel is aerified or vaporized and becomes gaseous. In this condition, the fuel absorbs the air and increases in volume while decreasing in density.

Our structure will cause gasoline to be delivered to the engine in an extremely gaseous state, thus utilizing every bit of power and force contained in the fuel. It, therefore, causes a saving of the yfuel used in the motor and takes from the exhaust gases the greater portion of the heat thereof, reducing to a minimum the exhaust gas by the fact that the fuel, as it flows into `the engines, is in an extremely gaseous state and in the best possible condition for combustion. This eliminates smoke and noxious gases and eliminates the accumulation of carbon on the tips of the spark plugs, on the pistons, in the motor head and on the valves.

AThe gasifying of the liquid portion of the fuel permits a larger proportion of the air to be mixed with the fuel than otherwise. By placing the fuel in the best possible condition for utilization., a quicker starting of the motor is secured, a smoother running of the motor in first and second speeds, reduced vibration, elimination of motor knocks and an increased and perfected lubrication of the interior of the cylinders. By reason'of the fact that all of the parts of. the liquid fuel are utilized, only a removable powdered ash is left in place of carbon. This white ash gathers in the chamber 11 and may be removed from time to time by'removing the plate 14 from the face of the chamber 11 and by then starting the motorv which will cause the ash to be completely expelled from the chamber 11. Our construction prevents the accumulation of ash in any part of the motor except in the chamber 11.

We do not wish to be limited to the exact form of vaporizer or atomizer illustrated in Figure 3. The atomizer may be square or oblong. It may have one compartment, two compartments or three compartments or more and the fuel may be passed from one compartment into another serially so as to secure the complete utilization of all of the heat and the refining and thinning of the fuel and the mixing of the fuel with air. It will be seen that the fuel mixed with air passes through the vaporizer or atomizer instead of going directlyinto the intake manifold from the carbureter. Thus the fuel is evaporated and superheated until it is reduced to a gaseous form having little density and it then passes into the intake manifold and into the cylinders for consumption, the exhaust gases being returned through the chamber 11 to be utilized as a heating factor.

We claimzl. A vaporizing mechanism for liquid fuel including a heating chamber having means whereby it may be connected to the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, 'and means opposite the first named means whereby it may be connectedl to the exhaust discharge pipe of the engine, the chamber having lateral openings, a vaporizer disposed within the chamber and including a charge receiving compartment and a charge discharging compartment, a chamber connected at one end by a plurality of pipes to the receiving compartment and connected adjacent its opposite ends by a plurality of pipes to the discharge compartment, a fuel inlet pipe having communication through one of the lateral openings of the chamber with the receiving compartment, and a fuel outlet pipe connected through the other of said openings with the discharge compartment, the opposite end of said pipe being adapted for connection to the inlet manifold of the engine.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold and an intake manifold disposed above and parallel to the exhaust manifold and having a medially disposed inlet, a heating chamber at the middle of and integral with the exhaust manifold, depending from it and extending forward beneath the intake manifold, a vaporizing unit disposed within the heating chamber and including an inlet portion, an outlet portion, an elongated vaporizing chamber disposed above the inlet and outlet portions and connected respectively thereto by pipes, the heating chamber having lateral openings, sleeves disposed in said openings and engaging the adjacent ends of the inlet and outlet portions of the vaporizer, an inlet 4pipe connected to the heating chamber and connected by the corresponding sleeve with the inlet portion of the vaporizer, an outlet pipe connected to the heating chamber and connected by a corresponding sleeve with the outlet portion of the vaporizer, said outlet pipe extending upward and inward and adapted to discharge downward through the medial inlet opening of the intake manifold, the front wall of the heating chamber being detachable to permit the insertion of the vaporizer within the heating chamber and permit the removal of ash therefrom.

3. A vaporizing device for internal combustion engines, comprising a heating chamber adapted to receive the exhaust from the engine and formed with openings adapted to communicate with the intake manifold of the engine, said chamber being provided with a detachable wall, and a vaporizer insertible into said chamber upon the removal of said wall and providing a circuitous passage between said openings, Aas and for the purpose set forth.

4. A vaporizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a heating chamber adapted to receive the exhaust from the engine and formed with lateral openings adapted to com-v municate with the intake manifold of the engine, said chamber being provided with a detachable Wall, and a vaporizer insertible into said chamber upon the removal of said detachable wall, said vaporizer being formed at an intermediate point with a partition and with openings adapted to register with the openings in the chamber, said vaporizer being also provided with a chamber which communicates with said openings upon opposite sides of said partition, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. A vaporizingvdevice for internal combustion engines comprising a heating chamber adapted to receive the exhaust from the engine and formed with lateral openings, a pipe adapted to lead from the carbureter to the intake manifold of the engine and in a portion of which the heating chamber is interposed with its lateral openings confronting registering openings in said pipe, collars mounted in the lateral openings of the chamber, and a vaporizer held in said chamber by said collars and formed at an intermediate point with a partition, said vaporizer being provided to one side with a vaporizing chamber which communicates with the interior of the main portion of the vaporizer on opposite sides of said partition.

6. A vaporizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a heating chamber adapted to be connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine to receive the exhaust gases therefrom and formed with a..discharge opening for said gases,

pipes on opposite sides of said partition, and a vaporizing chamber connected to the outer ends of said pipes.

Q7. A vaporizing device for internal combustion engines, comprising a heating chamber connected with the exhaust manifold of theengine and formed with a discharge opening for the exhaust gases, said heating chamber being formed with lateral openings and with a detachable wall, collars mounted in said lateral openings, a pipe adapted to lead from the carburetor of the engine to the intake manifold thereof with portions communioating with said lateral openings respectively, and a vaporizing member insertible intosaid heating chamber upon the removal of said detachable wall, said vaporizing member being supported at its end by saidcollars and being formed with an intermediate partition, said vaporizing member being also provided in the heating chamber spaced from the walls thereof with an elongated chamber that is connected to the interior of the vaporizing member by means of pipes on opposite sides of said partition.

JOHN GRECO; VINCENZO fVACIRCA. 

